How does machinery finance work?
You choose the machine, and a lender pays the supplier while you repay over a fixed term — usually two to seven years. The machine itself is the security, which is why finance is often available when an unsecured facility is not.
Most machinery is funded on hire purchase over three to seven years, with the machine itself as the security. You pay monthly, you own it at the end, and you claim the capital allowances on the full cost from the point it comes into use. A finance lease works differently and occasionally suits better — our asset finance explained page sets out the difference properly.
Because the asset holds value, terms on machinery are usually longer and rates lower than on equipment that depreciates fast. That is the practical meaning of a hard asset: a lender can identify it, value it and sell it. Machine tools, presses, moulding machines and production plant all sit firmly in that category. Software, tooling and control systems do not, which matters more than most buyers expect.
Can you finance delivery, installation and training?
Often yes, but they have to be raised on the invoice rather than added afterwards. Lenders fund what the invoice says they are funding, so commissioning, tooling and training are much easier to include before the order is placed than after.
A machinery quote is rarely just the machine. It carries delivery, rigging, installation, commissioning, tooling, software licences, training and sometimes a service contract. Lenders fund the machine. They will often fund only part of the rest, or none of it.
On a £180,000 quote where £30,000 is installation, tooling and software, you can find yourself needing to bridge that £30,000 in cash at exactly the moment you were trying to preserve it. It is entirely solvable — some lenders take a percentage of soft costs, and there are other ways to structure it — but only if it is raised before the order is placed. Send us the full quotation rather than the machine price, and we will tell you what is fundable before you commit.
What deposit do you need for machinery finance?
Commonly ten to twenty per cent, though new machines from a mainstream manufacturer can sometimes be funded with nothing down. A larger deposit lowers the lender’s exposure and is the most direct way to improve the rate offered.
Machine builders commonly want a deposit at order and a stage payment before shipping, with the balance on delivery. Asset finance normally pays out on delivery and acceptance — so on a machine with a six-month build slot, there is a gap between what the supplier wants and when the funder pays.
Lenders can pay a supplier directly and some will stage payments against the build. Others will not. Getting this settled at the outset is the difference between a straightforward purchase and finding your own working capital tied up in a machine that has not arrived. If you are buying from a European or Asian builder, tell us early.
Used and second-hand machinery
Used machinery finance is completely normal and often the better buy — a well-maintained machine from a closing shop or a dealer’s refurbished stock can be a fraction of new for most of the capability. Lenders will fund it. What they want is provenance: serial number, age, hours where the machine records them, service history and a clear title from the seller. Auction purchases are fundable but move fast, so talk to us before the sale rather than after the hammer.
Releasing cash from machines you already own
If your shop floor is full of owned, unencumbered machines, that is capital sitting idle. Asset refinance raises cash against it without stopping production — commonly used to fund the deposit on the next machine, or to smooth a gap between a contract win and the investment it needs. There is more on that approach in how to scale a small business with asset finance.
Preserving working capital and Full Expensing
New plant bought on hire purchase can qualify for a 100% first-year deduction under Full Expensing, so a company paying the 25% main rate of Corporation Tax saves 25p of tax for every £1 of asset cost in the year the machine is brought into use.[2,5] The cash cost is still spread across the agreement. Full relief now, paid for over time, is why most finance directors buy plant this way rather than outright.
What qualifies
Full Expensing applies to new and unused plant and machinery bought by a company within the charge to Corporation Tax. Second-hand machines do not qualify for it[2] — though the Annual Investment Allowance, currently £1 million a year, gives the same 100% first-year effect and does cover used kit.[1]
What changed in 2026
Two changes from Budget 2025 are now in force. A new 40% first-year allowance applies to main-rate plant and machinery bought on or after 1 January 2026 — it must be new and unused, second-hand is excluded, and cars are excluded; you then claim writing-down allowances on the remaining 60%.[3] And the main writing-down allowance has been cut from 18% to 14%, from 1 April 2026 for Corporation Tax and 6 April 2026 for Income Tax, with a hybrid rate for periods straddling those dates. The special rate pool is unchanged at 6%.[4]
Why hire purchase and not a lease
On a hire purchase agreement with an option to purchase, the company is treated as the owner for capital allowances once the asset is in use, so the deduction is yours. HMRC puts it plainly: you can claim for all payments under the contract when you start using the item, but not on the interest payments.[1] A finance lease or an operating lease will not give you this, which is the single most common reason a business expecting the relief does not get it.
If you buy assets to lease them out
Assets bought in order to lease them out are excluded from Full Expensing. That remains true — but it is no longer the whole picture. The new 40% first-year allowance was introduced specifically to reach cases the existing allowances miss, and HMRC names assets bought for leasing as one of them, with a carve-out only for overseas leasing.[4]
If you are a sole trader or partnership
You are outside Corporation Tax, so Full Expensing is not available to you — HMRC is explicit that only companies can claim it.[2] The Annual Investment Allowance is, and at £1 million it covers most purchases outright, new or used.[1] The 40% first-year allowance is open to you as well: HMRC designed it to be available to all businesses, not only incorporated ones.[4]
On the rates
25p per pound is the main rate. A company on the 19% small profits rate saves 19p, with Marginal Relief in between — the main rate applies above £250,000 of profit and the small profits rate at £50,000 or less.[5] Cars are excluded from Full Expensing, from the Annual Investment Allowance and from the 40% first-year allowance alike.[1,2,3]
General information, not tax advice. Capital allowances depend on your own circumstances and on the rules in force when the expenditure is incurred — confirm the position with your accountant before relying on it.
Sources
- HMRC, Claim capital allowances: Annual investment allowance — £1m limit; covers used assets; excludes cars; hire purchase treatment and the exclusion of interest
- HMRC, Claim capital allowances: Full expensing and 50% first-year allowance — companies only; new and unused; not cars
- HMRC, Claim capital allowances: 40% first-year allowance — expenditure from 1 January 2026; new and unused; not cars
- HMRC, Capital allowances: new first-year allowance and reducing main rate writing-down allowances — Budget 2025 policy paper, 26 November 2025 — WDA 18% to 14%, operative dates, and leasing and unincorporated businesses brought into scope
- HMRC, Corporation Tax rates, expenses and reliefs — 25% main rate above £250,000; 19% small profits rate at £50,000 or less; Marginal Relief between
Sources checked 7 October 2026. Tax rules change; confirm the current position before relying on it.
What we fund across the sector
The machinery panel covers a wide spread. CNC machines and machine tools and woodworking machinery have their own pages. Beyond those we regularly fund fabrication and sheet metal plant, injection moulding, packaging and labelling lines, print machinery, food production equipment, compressors and dust extraction, conveyors and automation. For construction plant see plant and machinery finance; for farm kit see agricultural machinery.
Who you are actually dealing with
Search machinery financing and you will find a mix of banks, manufacturer schemes and independent machinery finance companies, each lending its own book. Machinery finance in the UK is a broad market and no single lender is good at all of it — the funder who is sharp on a new machining centre often has no appetite for a twenty-year-old moulder, and the one who will back manufacturing machinery for a three-year-old company is rarely the cheapest for an established one.
Whole-of-market machinery asset finance means the deal goes to whichever lender fits it, rather than to the one whose logo happens to be on the dealer’s brochure. We finance machinery from a single second-hand machine to a full production line, and if you are looking for finance for machinery of any age or type, that difference is usually worth more than the headline rate.
What to send us
The full supplier quotation, whether the machine is new or used, and roughly when you need it in place. If there is a contract or a piece of work driving the purchase, mention it — machinery bought against named work is a straightforward conversation. Use the machinery finance calculator for a rough monthly figure first if it helps. No credit check to ask.